1 | Standard Industries Inc. | 19,819,724 | 0.96 | 1.38 | 17% | 74% | 99% |
2 | Greenbrier Companies | 18,417,062 | 0.18 | <0.01 | 11% | 31% | 100% |
3 | Huntsman Corp. | 17,664,686 | 0.78 | 6.70 | 11% | 37% | 90% |
4 | Kaiser Aluminum | 15,741,494 | 0.28 | 13% | 16% | 100% | |
5 | Tesla Inc. | 6,954,555 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 10% | 42% | 97% |
6 | Garmin | 6,947,660 | 0.06 | 12% | 86% | 100% | |
7 | Carpenter Technology | 5,587,044 | 0.04 | 20% | 58% | 93% | |
8 | Becton Dickinson | 5,490,687 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 10% | 45% | 41% |
9 | Edwards Lifesciences | 5,405,285 | <0.01 | 0.01 | 45% | 97% | 100% |
10 | LyondellBasell Industries | 5,019,237 | 5.68 | 3.23 | 17% | 75% | 93% |
11 | BASF | 4,990,192 | 4.90 | 4.56 | 15% | 40% | 48% |
12 | Dow Inc. | 4,714,688 | 5.94 | 13.28 | 17% | 51% | 37% |
13 | Albemarle | 3,446,880 | 0.47 | 0.01 | 17% | 72% | 53% |
14 | Celanese | 2,902,196 | 0.86 | 8.32 | 15% | 66% | 99% |
15 | Freeport-McMoRan | 2,873,997 | 3.55 | <0.01 | 16% | 65% | 97% |
16 | PPG Industries | 2,847,952 | 0.81 | 3.34 | 16% | 38% | 57% |
17 | Exxon Mobil | 2,692,144 | 9.20 | 0.77 | 18% | 68% | 44% |
18 | Berkshire Hathaway | 2,664,227 | 2.11 | 0.39 | 14% | 32% | 26% |
19 | Eastman Chemical | 2,407,690 | 4.74 | 0.42 | 18% | 45% | 71% |
20 | Shell PLC | 2,353,779 | 2.64 | 0.01 | 16% | 53% | 30% |
21 | Rio Tinto | 2,208,082 | 0.30 | <0.01 | 8% | 33% | 91% |
22 | Terumo | 2,190,748 | 0.06 | 9% | 33% | 100% | |
23 | Ashland Global Holdings | 1,838,184 | 0.98 | 0.04 | 20% | 57% | 73% |
24 | Ryerson Holding Corporation | 1,749,530 | <0.01 | 15% | 69% | 74% | |
25 | Pritzker Organization | 1,728,903 | 0.03 | 28% | 67% | 79% | |
26 | Evonik Industries | 1,681,226 | 0.32 | 0.55 | 18% | 47% | 61% |
27 | STERIS | 1,532,448 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 10% | 62% | 53% |
28 | O'Neal Industries | 1,526,886 | 0.02 | 24% | 59% | 51% | |
29 | NOV Inc. | 1,482,627 | 1.72 | <0.01 | 14% | 60% | 59% |
30 | Air Products & Chemicals | 1,357,769 | 0.27 | <0.01 | 11% | 38% | 100% |
31 | Westlake Chemical | 1,351,589 | 3.66 | 2.12 | 16% | 31% | 34% |
32 | Griffon Corp. | 1,211,789 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 16% | 74% | 100% |
33 | Carlyle Group | 1,207,037 | 0.42 | 0.20 | 17% | 80% | 90% |
34 | Howmet Aerospace | 1,145,886 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 18% | 53% | 42% |
35 | Ametek | 1,143,673 | 0.20 | 11% | 40% | 58% | |
36 | General Electric | 1,093,164 | 0.21 | <0.01 | 13% | 37% | 39% |
37 | Marathon Petroleum | 1,061,905 | 5.08 | 0.06 | 15% | 50% | 31% |
38 | Occidental Petroleum | 1,003,902 | 0.88 | 2.55 | 18% | 72% | 30% |
39 | Mitsui | 1,003,671 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 16% | 70% | 100% |
40 | Chevron | 961,237 | 3.14 | 0.06 | 14% | 64% | 42% |
41 | PBF Energy | 885,697 | 1.63 | <0.01 | 13% | 73% | 81% |
42 | Covestro | 880,866 | 0.06 | 2.90 | 12% | 24% | 92% |
43 | Snap-on | 853,482 | 0.01 | 19% | 17% | 88% | |
44 | Siemens Energy | 851,495 | <0.01 | 12% | 47% | 98% | |
45 | Koch Industries | 811,542 | 29.19 | 1.82 | 19% | 56% | 69% |
46 | Phillips 66 | 803,565 | 4.68 | 0.08 | 15% | 61% | 33% |
47 | Linde | 772,773 | 0.45 | <0.01 | 15% | 49% | 63% |
48 | Clayton Dubilier & Rice | 764,712 | 0.25 | <0.01 | 14% | 38% | 82% |
49 | Akzo Nobel | 676,592 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 17% | 66% | 100% |
50 | Apollo Global Management | 674,649 | 0.55 | 0.01 | 12% | 25% | 37% |
51 | Cenovus Energy | 660,237 | 0.53 | <0.01 | 21% | 35% | 92% |
52 | Solvay | 657,468 | 0.74 | 1.82 | 15% | 48% | 46% |
53 | Nucor | 610,547 | 0.63 | <0.01 | 15% | 38% | 18% |
54 | Indorama Ventures | 594,476 | 0.83 | <0.01 | 14% | 60% | 73% |
55 | Leggett & Platt | 588,797 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 7% | 39% | 98% |
56 | Cleveland-Cliffs | 584,089 | 0.83 | 0.16 | 21% | 43% | 17% |
57 | Kingspan plc | 578,957 | 0.03 | <0.01 | 10% | 19% | 100% |
58 | ATI Inc. | 561,616 | 0.59 | 0.01 | 14% | 15% | 66% |
59 | Rolls-Royce | 538,887 | 0.01 | 29% | 65% | 98% | |
60 | Valero Energy | 526,447 | 3.61 | 0.11 | 18% | 71% | 33% |
61 | KKR & Co. | 521,241 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 14% | 46% | 42% |
62 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | 510,693 | 1.30 | 0.08 | 23% | 80% | 79% |
63 | O-I Glass | 468,681 | 0.02 | 14% | 42% | 54% | |
64 | American Electric Power | 466,961 | 1.33 | 14% | 10% | 63% | |
65 | Lotte Chemical | 465,115 | 0.05 | <0.01 | 14% | 25% | 100% |
66 | Zimmer Biomet | 453,787 | 0.01 | 14% | 57% | 91% | |
67 | Ecolab | 444,069 | 0.01 | 0.40 | 14% | 81% | 99% |
68 | Ingredion | 439,888 | 0.47 | 15% | 45% | 47% | |
69 | Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) | 438,869 | 0.28 | 19% | 78% | 100% | |
70 | Assa Abloy | 432,533 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 12% | 45% | 86% |
71 | Formosa Plastics | 396,900 | 1.61 | 16.84 | 22% | 71% | 68% |
72 | Johnson & Johnson | 363,867 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 13% | 48% | 63% |
73 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco) | 359,146 | 2.86 | 2.45 | 17% | 50% | 41% |
74 | International Flavors & Fragrances | 357,349 | 0.61 | 2.07 | 18% | 17% | 99% |
75 | Sasol | 314,593 | 0.84 | 0.06 | 15% | 25% | 93% |
76 | Hitachi | 300,892 | 0.46 | <0.01 | 11% | 20% | 78% |
77 | Baker Hughes | 294,903 | 0.01 | 13% | 59% | 68% | |
78 | United States Steel | 267,057 | 1.73 | 4.53 | 20% | 52% | 58% |
79 | Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies (Wabtec) | 263,590 | 0.32 | 19% | 41% | 95% | |
80 | Medtronic | 261,998 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 15% | 50% | 88% |
81 | Emerson Electric | 259,680 | 0.01 | 12% | 45% | 56% | |
82 | Targa Resources | 255,117 | 0.70 | 20% | 88% | 98% | |
83 | Spirit AeroSystems | 255,053 | 0.58 | 20% | 47% | 100% | |
84 | BP | 252,781 | 0.72 | 0.01 | 18% | 63% | 83% |
85 | Graphic Packaging | 250,675 | 6.94 | 26% | 48% | 82% | |
86 | Saint-Gobain | 241,687 | 0.71 | 0.03 | 12% | 38% | 51% |
87 | Bio-Rad Laboratories | 240,154 | 0.01 | 0.40 | 11% | 64% | 100% |
88 | McWane | 238,986 | 0.04 | <0.01 | 24% | 23% | 95% |
89 | Michelin | 238,744 | 0.37 | 15% | 38% | 66% | |
90 | RTX Corporation | 237,092 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 12% | 42% | 52% |
91 | Gerdau | 232,925 | 0.10 | <0.01 | 13% | 48% | 51% |
92 | Owens Corning | 218,804 | 1.16 | <0.01 | 15% | 47% | 27% |
93 | Henkel | 215,352 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 20% | 51% | 79% |
94 | Huntington Ingalls Industries | 212,848 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 19% | 63% | 83% |
95 | International Paper | 207,704 | 31.50 | <0.01 | 17% | 41% | 21% |
96 | Olin Corp. | 207,678 | 0.31 | 3.51 | 15% | 67% | 60% |
97 | A.O. Smith Corp. | 204,545 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 12% | 23% | 66% |
98 | Honeywell International | 200,642 | 1.12 | 0.04 | 26% | 24% | 76% |
99 | Commercial Metals Co. | 199,400 | 0.07 | 22% | 42% | 68% | |
100 | Alfa S.A.B. | 187,853 | 0.72 | 0.01 | 18% | 46% | 98% |
This edition of the Toxic 100 Air Polluters ranks companies by comparative chronic human health risk from air pollutants directly released or transferred to incinerators (and not destroyed) from large facilities in the US in 2022.
RSEI score: Estimated population chronic health human health risk from air releases and incineration transfers reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) for the 2022 Reporting Year, as computed by the US EPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI ver. 2.3.12) from quantity released, toxicity of chemicals, and population exposure. Data are adjusted by the Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP) for subsequent revisions to TRI data, including where available revisions to the share of hexavalent chromium in chromium releases.
Source: US EPA and Corporate Toxics Information Project (CTIP).
Quantity of toxic air releases and incineration transfers: Millions of pounds of toxic chemicals released to the air on-site or transferred offsite for incineration in the TRI 2022 Reporting Year, without adjustment for toxicity or population exposure.
Source: US EPA.
Environmental Justice (EJ): Poor Share and Minority Share: Shares of the total population health risk borne by people living below the poverty line or by people in minority racial/ethnic groups. In the U.S. population, 10.5 percent lived below the poverty line in 2020 and 40 percent are members of minority racial/ethnic groups.
Sources: US EPA, US Census, and CTIP.
Coverage: This table presents the RSEI companies that appear on the Forbes Global 2000 list, the Forbes America's Largest Private Companies list, the Fortune 500 list, the Fortune Global 500, the Russell 1000 list, or the S&P 500. Individual facilities are assigned to corporate parents on the basis of the most current information on their ownership structure as of mid 2024.
Source: CTIP.
The links from each parent name lead to an application that gives detailed facility and chemical information about the company. You can also search for companies not on the Toxic 100 Air Polluters. For more information on the data, see the technical notes.